Uncertainty & measurement

Absolute Uncertainty Calculator

Turn a percentage uncertainty into an uncertainty with the same units as your measurement.

Your measurements

Start with the example, or enter your own values. Use a dot for decimals and e for scientific notation.

Absolute Uncertainty Calculator inputs
A label only. Use consistent input units; this field does not convert units.

Calculated locally. No account or uploads.

Result & working

Example

The calculator is loading. You can read the worked example below.

The formula

Δx = |x| × p / 100

What the variables mean
SymbolMeaning
xMeasured value.
pPercentage uncertainty entered as a percentage, for example 2 for 2%.
ΔxAbsolute uncertainty in the unit of x.

When to use this calculator

Use this when a specification or an earlier propagation calculation supplies relative uncertainty, but your report needs x ± Δx.

This conversion does not decide the original uncertainty. Instrument resolution, calibration and repeated measurements must be evaluated separately. For a zero reading, specify an absolute uncertainty directly.

Worked example

The calculator opens with these example values. All steps below are available even with JavaScript disabled.

  1. Absolute uncertainty Δx = |x| × p / 100
  2. = |4.52| × 0.664 / 100 = 0.0300128 V
  3. Rounded measurement: (4.52 ± 0.03) V

0.0300128 V

Common mistakes

  • 2% is entered as 2, not 0.02.
  • The ± uncertainty is non-negative even if the measured value is negative.
  • A displayed result should have the same decimal place as its rounded uncertainty.